愿景驅(qū)動的中國工程科技2040發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究
Vision-Driven Research on China's Engineering Science and Technology Development Strategy to 2040
摘要
當前,全球科技創(chuàng)新空前密集和活躍,科技和產(chǎn)業(yè)形態(tài)正在發(fā)生體系性變革,工程科技的顛覆性創(chuàng)新和體系創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)成為戰(zhàn)略競爭的焦點。本文基于我國工程科技發(fā)展需求和世界發(fā)展趨勢,提出“經(jīng)濟預測 - 需求分析 - 技術預見 - 愿景分析 - 戰(zhàn)略架構(gòu) - 技術路線圖 - 政策選擇”戰(zhàn)略研究方法體系,預測了我國2040年經(jīng)濟社會的發(fā)展態(tài)勢,描繪了2040年我國社會發(fā)展的九大綜合愿景。在主要領域工程科技發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究的基礎上,圍繞九大綜合愿景提出“力推信息科技、重塑能源體系、革新產(chǎn)業(yè)科技、建構(gòu)未來城市、發(fā)展藍色經(jīng)濟、提振農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村、護佑全民健康、建設美麗中國、構(gòu)筑平安中國”的工程科技發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)想,以及從現(xiàn)在到2040年“強基固鏈、打造高原、開辟賽道”“安全韌性、策源引領、體系煥新”的兩階段中國工程科技總體發(fā)展路線。
Abstract
Currently, global technological innovation is unprecedentedly intensive and active, and the forms of technology and industry are undergoing systematic changes. Disruptive and systemic innovations in engineering science and technology have become the focus of strategic competition. Based on the development demand for engineering science and technology in China and the world trends of engineering science and technology development, this study proposes a strategic research method system that consists of economic forecasting, demand analysis, technology foresight, vision analysis, strategic architecture, technology roadmap, and policy selection. The study also predicts the economic and social development trends in China by 2040 and depicts nine visions of Chinese society in 2040. Based on the strategic research on the development of engineering science and technology in major fields, an overall strategic concept of engineering science and technology development is proposed centering on the nine visions, which involves promoting information technologies, reshaping the energy system, innovating industrial science and technologies, constructing the future cities, developing the blue economy, revitalizing agriculture and the rural areas, safeguarding the health of all the people, building a beautiful China, and constructing a safe China. An overall two-stage roadmap for engineering science and technology development between now and 2040 is also proposed. At the first stage, it is necessary to strengthen the industrial foundation and chain, achieve international leadership in major fields of engineering science and technology, and develop new areas and technologies with core competitiveness. At the second stage, it is suggested to focus on security, resilience, and original innovation and build a new technological ecosystem.
關鍵詞
工程科技 / 未來愿景 / 需求分析 / 2040年 / 技術路線
Keywords
engineering science and technology / future vision / demand analysis / 2040 / technology roadmap
引用本文
一 前言
二 愿景驅(qū)動的工程科技2040發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究方法體系
(一) 研判2040年經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展形態(tài)和發(fā)展愿景
(二) 推進基于效果評估的技術預見,描繪未來科技形態(tài)
(三) 綜合需求分析與技術預見,開展經(jīng)濟社會與工程科技發(fā)展的綜合愿景分析
(四) 圍繞發(fā)展愿景,推進工程科技愿景牽引的戰(zhàn)略研究與技術路徑選擇
三 世界工程科技發(fā)展趨勢
(一) 智能技術將成為影響最深、覆蓋最廣的時代驅(qū)動力
(二) 數(shù)據(jù)資源將成為關鍵生產(chǎn)要素和戰(zhàn)略性資源
(三) 綠色低碳將成為人類社會發(fā)展的必由之路
(四) 以人為本促使科技創(chuàng)新回歸服務需求本質(zhì)
四 2040年我國經(jīng)濟社會與科技發(fā)展綜合愿景
(一) 2040年我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展預測
(二) 2040年我國經(jīng)濟社會與科技發(fā)展綜合愿景
(三) 未來愿景實現(xiàn)的不確定性風險
五 面向2040年我國工程科技總體戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)想
(一) 總體架構(gòu)
(二) 發(fā)展目標與發(fā)展路徑
1 第一階段(2030年前),強基固鏈,打造“高原”,開辟賽道
2 第二階段(2031—2040年),安全韌性,策源引領,體系煥新
(三) 重點任務
1 力推信息科技,全面鑄造智慧社會信息基礎
2 重塑能源體系,建設綠色永續(xù)低碳能源強國
3 革新產(chǎn)業(yè)科技,推進現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)持續(xù)高值化發(fā)展
4 建構(gòu)未來城市,打造智能安全基礎設施與服務
5 發(fā)展藍色經(jīng)濟,邁入空間與海洋探索利用新時代
6 提振農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè),推進農(nóng)業(yè)強國建設加快發(fā)展
7 護佑全民健康,構(gòu)建人人可及的普惠醫(yī)療體系
8 建設美麗中國,推進人與自然和諧可持續(xù)發(fā)展
9 構(gòu)筑平安中國,實現(xiàn)精準高效長治久安
六 結(jié)語
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